Review on Leptospirosis and its Public Health Significance.
Leptospirosis is the most widespread and most prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira bacteria this is pathogenic Gramnegative bacteria, the disease leptospirosis a zoonotic disease of global importance. It caused by various serovars of leptospira interrogans that belong to the genus Leptospira. Besides leptospira interrogans is the most serovars like the disease occurs in nearly all
mammalian species. The highest burden in low-income both found in urban and in rural environments. Rodents are known as the main reservoir animals, However, all animals are reservoir include human so leptospirosis is more common in the tropical regions rather than subtropics because of the longer survival of the organism in the environment and frequent exposure of animals and humans to contaminated environments. Direct transmission to humans by broken skin and mucous membranes exposed to the urine of infected animals.
Treatments of Leptospirosis by antibiotics such as tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin, doxycycline, streptomycin and erythromycin. The risk of infection occurring due to interaction with
contaminated environments, infected wild animals as well as with synanthropic animals and rodents, control measures of leptospirosis are aimed at limiting the occurrence of clinical disease based on integrated actions in clinical disease based on integrated actions in several links of the transmission chain.10 Therefore, the objectives of this paper were to review on Leptospirosis and its Public Health Significance that affects Domestic Animals and Humans. Leptospirosis has a complex epidemiology as many animals serve as reservoir of infections, widely distributed geographically and occurs mostly in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones.
Vet Med Open J. 2021; 6(2): 51-59. doi: 10.17140/VMOJ-6-159
