New Ideas on Limitations to  VO2max: Five Major Determinants for  VO2max

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important and a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, metabolic, and mental comorbidities are considered to be part of the frequently prevalent 
non-pulmonary sequelae of the disease.1,2 Increasing evidence suggests that extra-pulmonary effects of COPD and airflow limitation 
are only poorly correlated.3
 Waschki, et al. found that objectively 
measured physical activity is the strongest predictor of all-cause 
mortality in patients with COPD.4