Veterinary Medicine – Open Journal (VMOJ)
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Recently Published Articles
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A Case Report on Surgical Management of Dystocia in Heifers Due to Narrow Pelvis and Immaturity
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671.57 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Prevalence and Public Health importance of Bovine Cysticercosis in Haramaya Municipal Abattoir, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia
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449.71 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Colotomy to Resolve Constipation Secondary to Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report
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410.75 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Study on the Prevalence and Estimation of Monetary Loss of Hydatidosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Bedeno Municipal Abattoir, East Hararghe, Ethiopia
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413.85 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Coprological Prevalence and Associated Risk Factor of Bovine Fasciolosis Around Furda Veterinary Clinic, East Hararghe, Ethiopia
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393.99 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Host Related Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Vector Density in Halu District of Ilubabor Zone, West Ethiopia
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424.53 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Study on Prevalence of Major Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep in Wayu Tuka and Diga District, Oromia Regional State
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464.35 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Assessment of the Reasons for Culling and its Relation to Age at Culling in Dairy Cows in and around Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia
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363.68 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Prevalence and Economic Significance of Hydatidosis on Cattle Slaughtered at Nekemte Municipal Abattoir, Western Ethiopia
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349.75 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Umbilical Hernia in Cross Holstein Friesian Calf and its Surgical Management: A Case Report
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Assessment of Socio-economic Importance and Major Constraints of Working Equines in and around Debre Berhan Town, Central Ethiopia
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Cosmetic Tail Docking – An Option for Severely Injured Tail in Dog: A Case Report
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Successful Therapautic Management of Ivermectin Toxicity in American Pitbull Terrier
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Recurrent Prepartum Cervico-Vaginal Prolapse in a Crossbred Holstein Friesian Dairy Cow
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Assessment of Welfare Problems on Working Donkeys in Hosaena District, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia
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Review on Epidemiology and Economic Impact of Small Ruminant Brucellosis in Ethiopian Perspective
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Medicinal Value of Croton macrostachyus and Solanum incanum against Causative Agent of Foodborne Diseases
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Unilateral Surgical Amputation of Horn Due to Suppurative Sinusitis in Cow
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Prevalence of Major Gastrointestinal Tract Parasite of Cattle at Municipal Abattoir of Jimma Town, Oromia, South Western Ethiopia
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Canine Urolithiasis and Concurrent Urinary Bladder Abnormalities: Symptoms, Haematology, Urinalysis and Comparative Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Diagnosis
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Overview of Methods Used in the Diagnosis of Infectious Bursal Disease
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Survival Rate of Calves and Assessment Reproductive Performance of Heifers and Cows in Dida Tuyura Ranch, Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia
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Review on Dissociative Anaesthetics and Compatible Drug Combinations in Veterinary Clinical Practice
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Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Pooled Productive and Reproductive Traits in Sahiwal Cattle
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Determination of Ovarian Cysts in Cattle with Poor Reproductive Performance Using Ultrasound and Plasma Progesterone Profile
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Advances in Synbiotic Therapy in the Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases (Enteric Diseases) in Farm Animals
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Megaesophagus in Littermates Dogo Argentino Accompanied With Hypothyroidism
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Prevalence and Identification of Bovine Ixodid Ticks in Horo Guduru Animal Breeding and Research Center, Horo Guduru Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia
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Correlates of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-Like Behavior in Domestic Dogs: First Results from a Questionnaire-Based Study
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Influence of Body Size on Blood Hemogram in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)
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Canine Prostatic Disorders
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Study on Reproductive Performance of Breeding Sows and Ultrasound Monitoring of Ovarian Follicle Activity and Ovulation of Post-Weaning Sows in a Commercial Pig Farm of Central Ethiopia
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Endoscopic Evidences of Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders in Horses and Donkeys
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Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin Treatment for Sexual Immaturity in a Male Ibex (Capra Pyrenaica)
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Assessment of Ageing-Dependent Effects on Sperm Functions following Semen Cryopreservation
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Epidemiological Study of Rabies from 2001-2016 in Grenada, West Indies
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Evaluation of Total Intravenous Anesthesia by Ketamine-Xylazine Constant Rate Infusion in Dogs: A Novel Preliminary Dose Study
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The Social Behaviour of Neutered Male Dogs Compared to Intact Dogs (Canis Lupus Familiaris): Video Analyses, Questionnaires and Case Studies
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MR Signal Changes of Trigeminal Nuclei in a Case of Suspected Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuropathy in a Staffordshire Bull Terrier
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Hazard Assessments of Cattle Fascioliasis With Special Reference to Hemato-Biochemical Biomarkers
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Update on Urinary Tract Infections in Dogs in a Tropical Island and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia Coli Isolates for the Period 2010-2016
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Efficacy of Natural Herbal Formulation against Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Penaeus vannamei
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Comparative Study of Different Sire Evaluation Methods Using First Lactation Traits in Crossbred Cattle
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Therapy Potential of Tailless Bacteriophage ΦHN161 and its Ability in Modulating Inflammation Caused by Bacterial Disease
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New Therapeutic Strategies to Control and Treatment of Bovine Mastitis
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Incidence of Mycotoxins (AFB1 and AFM1) in Feeds and Dairy Farms from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
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Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Cattle in Selangor, Malaysia
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Idiopathic Eosinophilic Pneumonia with Associated Pulmonary Vasculitis in Horse: A Case Series
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Impact of Autonomic Tonus Typological Features on the Duodenum Structure of Chickens
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Identification of Ostriches (Struthio camelus) Gastrointestinal Bacterial Flora and Characterization of the Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella Serovars Isolated from North-West of Iran
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About the Journal
Veterinary Medicine – Open Journal (VMOJ) is an online open access domain which covers all aspects of animal husbandry and veterinary well being in all spheres of animal domestication.
Veterinary Medicine can be defined as a branch of science that deals with the identification, prevention and isolation of diseases, conditions, and disorders in animal species (Both domesticated and wild).
Openventio dedicates itself to highlight all the matters related to Veterinary Medicine and to bring information from all the authors and diverse sources in a uniform way through our well-designed open access portal.
Aims and Scope
Veterinary Medicine – Open Journal aims to create awareness and discuss issues pertaining to Veterinary Medicine and its co-relation with medicinal sciences, community, and interdependencies among each other.
VMOJ covers a wide array of subjects as given below:
- Veterinary Biochemistry
- Animal Husbandry
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Animal Genetics
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Wildlife
- Meat Science and Technology
- Poultry science
- Diary Science
- Animal Nutrition
- Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
- Animal Genetics and Breeding
Submissions for this journal are accepted from all practitioners and students of veterinary medicine, from experts in the field to novices who are just beginning their journey in veterinary medicine.
The audience of VMOJ includes doctors, nurses, research assistants, local community practitioners, government bodies such as departments of animal husbandry and students of various universities and general communities from different parts of the world.
The journal welcomes all types of articles such as original research, review, case-report, mini-review, editorial, short-communication, book review, opinion, commentary, letter to the editor, conference proceedings, technical report, errata, illustrations, etc.
We are open to receive comments and corrections from experts in the field to improve the quality of our journal.
Article in press
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Colotomy to Resolve Constipation Secondary to Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report
Provisional PDF
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Abstract [+]
Urinary and bowel dysfunction is a condition that encompasses loss of bladder and bowel control which is characterized by partial or complete loss of defecation and urination. Urinary and bowel dysfunction is multifactorial and mainly caused by spinal cord injury at the lumbosacral level or more cranial. The present case report was aimed to show techniques and outcomes of colotomy to resolve constipation secondary to bowel dysfunction in a cat. A 1-year-old female cat weighing 1.3 kg was presented to Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a history of anorexia dullness, abdominal distension, and absence of defecation for the last 8-days. Clinical examination revealed stunted growth, poor body condition, very weak anal and pedal reflex, distended abdomen, dehydration, and lateral recumbency. Based on the history and clinical findings the case was diagnosed as constipation and exploratory laparotomy was indicated after sufficient stabilization. The caudal ventral midline was used to perform colotomy to remove accumulated feces. Post-operatively fluid therapy, antibiotics, laxative, and vitamins were administered accordingly. Upon 52-days follow-up; the patient was able to pass her feces completely, while urine retention and incontinence remains unresolved. Therefore, the owner was advised how to apply gentle external compression of the bladder to assist urination.
Keywords
Cat; Colotomy; Constipation; Incontinence.
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Prevalence and Public Health importance of Bovine Cysticercosis in Haramaya Municipal Abattoir, East Hararghe Zone of Oromia Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia
Provisional PDF
449.71 KB Full-Text (HTML)
Abstract [+]
Aim
This study was conducted by using the protocols of post-mortem examinations of meat (visual inspection) to determine the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in the cattle slaughtered at Haramaya Municipal Abattoir, Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia and to determine zoonotic significance of taeniasis.
Method
A cross-section study design was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021, based on routine meat inspection on simple randomly selected cattle slaughtered at the abattoir. Visual inspection of all exposed surface was made in all active organs. They are shoulder muscles, hearts, masseters (cheek muscle), diaphragms, tongues and livers. This is followed by incision of all those organs to be examined for Cysticercus bovis cysts.
Results
Twenty-one (21) of the 384 cattle examined utilizing the post-mortem examinations meat inspection methodology were positive for C. bovis, resulting in a prevalence of 5.5 %. The masseter muscle (11.5 %) had the highest prevalence of cysts, followed by the triceps (8.3%), heart (5.8%), liver (4.8 %), and tongue (2.9 %). The sex-based prevalence rates were 10 (3.4%) and 11 (12.1%), respectively. The predominance of bodily condition was found to be good (1.3%), medium (11.1%), and bad (50 %). The prevalence male and female e differed substantially by organ, sex, and bodily condition (p>0.05), but not statistically significant by age of the animals (young 2.8% vs. adult 6.1%) (p>0.05). Eight (20%) of the total 40 interviewees had contracted Taenia saginata infection at least once in their lives. Religion showed a significant difference (p>0.05) (Christian 66.7% and Muslim 6.5%). However, there was no statistically significant difference in meat consumption habits (raw 31.6% vs. cooked 9.5%), sex (male 26.5% vs. female 11.8%), age (young 33.3% vs. adult 17.7%), educational status (illiterate 22.2% vs. elementary 14.3% vs. high school 27.3% vs. college 16.7%) or latrine use (proper users 19.4% and non-proper users 25%).
Conclusion
This study to increasing public awareness of the disease, as well as strict routine meat inspections, should be prioritized in order to decrease the parasite’s impact.
Keywords
Bovine, Cysticercus bovis; Haramaya Municipal Abattoir; Prevalence; Public health.
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A Case Report on Surgical Management of Dystocia in Heifers Due to Narrow Pelvis and Immaturity
Provisional PDF
671.57 KB Full-Text (HTML)
Abstract [+]
Narrow pelvis is characterized as an insufficient maternal bony pelvis that does not allow for fetal transit due to a variety of factors. Animal immaturity is one of these reasons. This communication was written with the goal of documenting surgical management of dystocia and its impact on a two-year-old heifer who was with a full-term pregnancy. A vaginal delivery was tried but failed due to the narrow maternal pelvis. To avoid any post-operative problems, the surgical management was carried out under strict aseptically. A volume of 30 ml 2% Lidocaine Hydrochloride was infiltrated on left flank with inverted L-block techniques. While the cow was on her right lateral recumbency. The uterus was emptied of a deceased fetus but fetal membrane with the intact umbilical cord was returned back to the womb. Suturing was done using standard surgical procedures, and post-surgical care was followed-up for ten-days. The heifer was successfully rehabilitated.
Keywords
Dystocia; Heifer; Immaturity; Narrow pelvis; Surgical management.
Current Issue
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Coprological Prevalence and Associated Risk Factor of Bovine Fasciolosis Around Furda Veterinary Clinic, East Hararghe, Ethiopia
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Abstract [+]
Aim
This study was conducted using the sedimentation method to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine fasciolosis around Furda Veterinary Clinic, East Hararghe, Ethiopia.
Method
A cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 2020 up to June 2021 to know the prevalence and its associated risk factors of bovine Fasciolosis, taking animal origin, sex, age and body condition as risk factors and standard deviation. The sedimentation technique was used for the recovery of fasciola eggs from fresh fecal.
Results
From a total of 384 animals selected randomly and coprologically examined, 117 of them contained fasciola eggs with a 30.5% total prevalence in the study area. The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis on the basis of animal origin was highest in Gorowodo 23 (28.7%), followed by Dada 24 (30.4%), Harawa 15 (20.5), Rasa Janata 25 (33.8%), and Tirtiro 30 (38.5%). Based on the sexes of animals, the prevalence rate of 74 (32.7%) in females and 43 (27.2%) in males were obtained. While animals of different ages were recorded at 43 (29.9%) and 74 (30.8%), respectively. Whereas 44 (33.6%), 45 (28.8%), and 28 (28.9%) were found to be in poor, moderate, and good physical condition, respectively. All of the risk factors investigated (animal origin, sex, age, and body conditions) were found to be non-significantly associated with the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis (p>0.05).
Conclusion
This study reveals that bovine fasciolosis was a highly prevalent disease in the study area and needs immediate control and prevention by the animal health office and veterinarians working together, treating cattle with anthelmintics before and after the rainy season, and increasing owner awareness about the disease.
Keywords
Coprology; Bovine; Bedeno district; Furda veterinary clinic; Prevalence; Fasciolosis; Risk factors.
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Study on the Prevalence and Estimation of Monetary Loss of Hydatidosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Bedeno Municipal Abattoir, East Hararghe, Ethiopia
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413.85 KB Full-Text (HTML)
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Abstract [+]
Aim
This study was conducted by using the protocols of standard meat inspection (visual, palpation and incision) to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors and to estimate the economic loss in cattle slaughtered at Bedeno Municipal Abattoir, Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia.
Method
A cross-section study design was conducted from February 2020 to November 2020, to determine the prevalence and its associated risk factors of bovine hydatidosis is taking animal origin, sex and age and body condition as risk factors.
Results
From A total of 355 cattle examined using the protocol of standard meat inspection, 99(27.8%) of them are found positive to hydatid cysts. The prevalence of cattle hydatidosis based on animal origin was highest in older cattle 89(29.47%) than young 10(18.89%). Regarding body condition, score to significance variation was observed, as the prevalence was 41.89% for poor cattle followed by medium 24.07% and good 24.37%. Of the total 99 infected, 41(11.55%) of animals were infected in their lungs with only hydatid cysts and 24(6.76%) were infected in their liver, but the rest animals had multiple organ infections, 34(9.58%). Considering the current result, the total annual economic loss from organ condemnation and carcass weight loss due to bovine hydatidosis at Bedeno Municipal Abattoir was estimated at 6,671,803.8 Ethiopian birr (ETB).
Conclusion
This study reveals that cattle hydatidosis was a high prevalence diseases in the study area and needs paucity of information on control and prevention. The cattle owners to be educated and awareness programmes to be conducted about the diseases.
Keywords
Municipal; Hydatidosis; Prevalence; Bovine; Abattoir, Bedeno.
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Review on Leptospirosis and its Public Health Significance
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Abstract [+]
Leptospirosis is the most widespread and most prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira bacteria this is pathogenic Gramnegative bacteria, the disease leptospirosis a zoonotic disease of global importance. It caused by various serovars of leptospira interrogans that belong to the genus Leptospira. Besides leptospira interrogans is the most serovars like the disease occurs in nearly all mammalian species. The highest burden in low-income both found in urban and in rural environments. Rodents are known as the main reservoir animals, However, all animals are reservoir include human so leptospirosis is more common in the tropical regions rather than subtropics because of the longer survival of the organism in the environment and frequent exposure of animals and humans to contaminated environments. Direct transmission to humans by broken skin and mucous membranes exposed to the urine of infected animals. While the clinical signs of leptospirosis do not vary greatly with the species of animals include laboratory tests. Control and prevention is sanitary measures, vaccination, quarantine and rodent control are the most important control measures of the disease, require elimination of the carrier state, maintenance of environmental condition and immunization of the animal, tropical areas where warm humid conditions and alkaline or neutral soil helps leptospira survive better.
Keywords
Leptospirosis; Zoonosis; Leptospira; Rodent.
Previous Issue
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Assessment of the Reasons for Culling and its Relation to Age at Culling in Dairy Cows in and around Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia
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Abstract [+]
Background
Culling is defined as the departure of cows from the herd because of sale, slaughter, salvage, or death. Culling is an important cost for dairy farms. At the same time, culling is a way to increase herd productivity and profitability, as keeping diseased and unproductive cows might result in lower herd milk production and deteriorated reproduction. In order to maximize profitability, the proportion of voluntary culling (selling for dairy purposes or culling due to low production) should be highest among the total culling rate. Previous studies indicate an ascending trend in the proportion of involuntary culling. This observational study used registry data of all cows from herds with ≥5 cow-years in 2016-2017.
Objective
This study was conducted to assess the reason for culling a dairy cow and its association with age at culling in and around Mekelle using a structured questioner format and direct observation. Visits were performed to each farm to collect data directly from owners or animal attendants and using direct observation.
Materials and Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted in and around Mekelle city dairy farm from November, 2016 to April, 2017.
Results
The most common causes of culling were disease and economic reasons. The most common causes of voluntary culling were economic reasons (17.39), low milk yield (20.29%), and aging (8.70%). The common causes of involuntary culling were diseases (34.78%), injury (7.25%), and infertility (5.80%). In this study rates of culling increased with parity. The highest rate of culling was
in animals between parity 2 and 5, increased from (14.49%) to (21.74%) and slightly decreased from parity 6 to 7, i.e. (13.04)% to (8.70)%, respectively. The highest rates of culling were between 3 and 5-years, (17.39)% and (23.19)%, respectively.
Conclusion
This study indicated animals were culled at premature age because of involuntary culling, which is economically not feasible, diseases were the most common causes of involuntary culling and voluntary culling was the most type of culling in dairy cattle farms and animals mostly culled for decreased production and economic reasons.
Keywords
Culling; Dairy cattle; Milk yield; Parity.
Review on Molecular Diagnosis of Cestode and Metacestode in Cattle
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Abstract [+]
Cestode infestations in animals are the most important parasite of livestock and humans because most of these parasites are zoonotic causing cysticercosis and hydatidosis in man and it causes economic and production losses in livestock. Diagnosis of Taenia Spp by microscopic observation lack sensitivity and specificity and detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
technique form cross-reaction. The molecular diagnostic can be best to detect in adult and larval stage in definitive and intermediate host based on the amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of target gene with the primer using a different technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) such as multiplex PCR. Conventional PCR, real-time PCR, nested PCR, and PCR-restriction
fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) are highly sensitive for the diagnosis of cestode and metacestode. Those diagnoses are used for differentiation of Taenia species and differentiation of Taenia and Echinococcus species. As compared to other diagnostic techniques most molecular methods have higher sensitivity and specificity but due to the relatively higher cost, few are commercially
available. Most of the molecular diagnostic tests developed to date are generally applicable for laboratory research purposes. The developments in the genomic and proteomic analysis should be used for further understanding of parasite-animal host interaction to find additional targets for diagnosis.
Keywords
Cestode; Molecular test; Metacestode; Veterinary importance.
Abbreviations
Bp: Base pair; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; gDNA: Genomic DNA; AMP: Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; NAD: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADH: reduced form of NAD; PCR-REA: Polymerase chain reaction restriction enzyme analysis; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; RFLP: Restriction fragment length polymorphism; rRNA: Ribosomal ribonucleic acid; REA: Restriction enzyme analysis; SSCP: Single-strand conformation polymorphism.
Study on Prevalence of Major Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep in Wayu Tuka and Diga District, Oromia Regional State
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Abstract [+]
Aim
This study was devised to be conducted to determine the prevalence and identify the major gastrointestinal nematode parasites based on fecal examination.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and associated factors with ovine gastrointestinal nematode infestation by fecal examination of 384 sheep from Wayu Tuka and Diga district, Eastern Oromia regional state.
Results
Out of the total 384 sampled sheep, 169 (44.0%) had been infected with gastrointestinal nematode parasite. Haemonchus species were the most frequently (20.8%) recovered nematode eggs followed by Trichostrongylus (13.0%) and Nematodirus (10.2%). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in prevalence between age groups and sex. Sheep with poor body condition had a significantly
higher prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasite (p<0.05) than those sheep in moderate or good body condition. There was no significant association between the gastrointestinal nematode infection in animals of different ages and sex groups.
Conclusion
The study shows that the gastrointestinal nematode parasite was a major important health problem and impact on the production of sheep in the study area. Therefore, a detailed study should be conducted to identify the parasite at the species level and special consideration should be taken on the management of sheep in poor body condition to reduce the burden of gastrointestinal nematodes.
Keywords
Diga; Eastern Wollega; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Prevalence; Sheep; Wayu Tuka.
Hepatic Diseases in Canine and Feline: A Review
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Abstract [+]
Dogs and cats are belonging to canine and feline family respectively. The liver is the largest gland in the body and is located in the cranial abdomen between 3rd and 4th ribs in dogs and cats. This review is mainly focused on: to understand the anatomy and physiology of liver, the liver diseases pathophysiology, to diagnose the liver diseases, managemental and ameliorative methods of liver diseases. The dual blood supply to the liver is hepatic artery and portal vein. The function of liver includes the regulation of digestion and metabolism, the synthesis of hormones and proteins, immune response and filtering of toxins from the blood stream. Any problem that affects the liver is liver disease. Inflammation of liver is hepatitis. Hepatitis caused by infectious, non-infectious, auto-immune and reactive. It can be acute and chronic. The most encountered liver diseases in dogs and cats are hepticlipidosis, cholangiohepatitis, portosystemicshunt, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, pneumobilia and hepatic neoplsia. The clinical symptoms of liver diseases include jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, gastro intestinal disorders and nonspecific signs include polyuria/polydipisia. The liver disease diagnosed based on history, liver function tests, medical imaging. The latest imaging procedures are endoscopic retrograde cholagio pancreatography (ERCP) and computed tomography (CT). For confirmatory diagnosis liver biopsy and histopathological interpretation is required. Therefore, based on diagnosis appropriate treatment should be selected: bile stasis is treated urodeoxycholic acid (URDA), fluid therapy include sugar and salt solution for
replacement fluid loss, gastrointestinal protectors include ranitidine, cimitidine and lactulose, albumin to treat hypoalbuminimia, antioxidant for scavenging free radicals include vitamin E, Selenium, S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe), diuretic fursimid for treatment of ascites and supplementation low protein diets. This laparoscopic technique for removal of gallstones and endoscopic retrograde cholagiopancreatography (ERCP) to treat gall stones on bile ducts and to widen the slipped ducts and liver transplantation for cirrhotic dogs and cats. Early accurate diagnosis and managing any predisposing factors that affects the health of dogs and cats are important for controlling the liver diseases.
Keywords
Canine; Feline; Liver disease; Hepatitis; Hepatocyte; Kuppfer cells.
Host Related Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Vector Density in Halu District of Ilubabor Zone, West Ethiopia
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Abstract [+]
Background
Trypanosomosis is disease caused by unicellular parasites, trypanosome, found blood and other tissue of vertebrates; including livestock, wild life and people. It is a serious disease in domestic livestock causing a significant negative impact on food production and economic growth in many parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Its epidemiology and impact on livestock production are largely determined by the prevalence and distribution of the disease and its vectors in the affected area.
Aim
To assess the host related risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis and apparent density of tsetse flies in four peasant associations of the study area. In relation to the host risk factors, the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was highest in those animals with poor body condition.
Results
The overall 5.32% prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was recorded from 432 blood sample collected from randomly selected animals using Buffy coat method. Trypanosoma congolense was the dominant species 14 (60.87%). However, it was not statistically significant between sex of animals (p>0.05). The mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of the infected animals was lower
(20.65%±2.85) compared to non-infected animals (25.74%±4.80). There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the PCV values of infected and non-infected animals. Moreover, animals with different body condition exhibited statistically significant variation (p<0.05) in the prevalence of trypanosomosis. Overall an apparent density of the flies was 2.42 f/t/d by using mono-pyramidal and biconical traps. It indicated that, G. morsitance submorsitance, G. pallidipes and G. tachinoides were tsetse flies species caught.
Conclusion
Finally, this work showed that trypanosomosis is an important disease affecting the health and productivity of cattle in the district. Hence, due attention should be given to this sector so as to improve livestock production and agricultural development in the area.
Keywords
Halu; PCV; Trypanosomosis; Prevalence.
